SOUND

Originally movies didn't have any sounds. They relied on a piano in the cinema screen to create to moods needed. The first feature film to be released with a soundtrack was 'The Jazz Singer' (1927). To have sound in a film was a massive revolution as it had never been done before. However this was because of the huge costs for cinemas and film companies to buy equipment. In spite of this audiences were so impressed with sound in films that it stimulated others to follow suit.

Diegetic sound- Sound within the films world belonging to the films diegesis. Creates a real world atmosphere. Sounds can be added on additionally, but is we can hear that they are withing the film world, and that is you were in that world those are the sounds you would hear then they are diegetic.

Non Diegetic- Additional sounds added that would not be present in the films world such as a narrator and additional music.

On Screen- you can see it and hear it at the same time
Off screen- you can't see it but you can hear it and you know it is off screen.

Foley track- Sounds effects made additionally and added on to sound diegetic for parallel effect. Foley artist are used to enhance and intensify a certain noise, for example in Jurassic park, when the dinosaur was hatching ice cream cones were broken up to sound like cracking, or in Psycho, Alfred Hitchcock tested out various different melons before finding the one that made the most realistic stabbing noise to use for the infamous shower scene.

Sound Bridges- This is when the sound from one scene will continue over into another scene-the images change but the sound remains the same. This helps the film to flow better and it becomes more coherent.

Parallel Sound -Also know as synchronous sound, this is when the sound, and what you see on screen match. For example a romantic song during a loving kiss, or the classic music from Psycho (again) in the shower scene.
Contrapuntal Sound- Also known as asynchronous sound, this is where the music or sound on screen does not match with the action, such as in trinspotting, or in the new Bond film 'Quantom of Solace' in which there is a fighting scene, however opera is being played.